Current state of art management for vascular complications after liver transplantation

Vascular complications by compromising the blood flow to the allograft can have significant and sometimes life-threating consequences for the patient. High level of suspicion and aggressive utilization of diagnostic modalities can lead to early diagnosis and salvage of the allograft. This review will summarize the current trends in the management of vascular complications after liver transplantation. Current trends show an increase in the utilization of endovascular interventions initially to address vascular complications after liver transplantation. Operative repair still has its major role, especially if endovascular procedures fail

[Effectiveness of teaching ways to deal with stress on quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to hospitals of Tehran university of medical sciences in 2013]

Stress, as a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, affects the quality of life for patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of stress paths on the quality of life of patients with acute coronary syndrome. In this quasi-experimental study, 35 patients with acute coronary syndrome were selected by sampling purposively from hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. They received 3 sessions, each 45 minutes, education using[, the ways of coping with stress] lecture, and the booklets were trained. Data collection questionnaires were [World Health Organization Quality of Life [WHOQOL-BREF]], [Cohn stress] and [coping with stressful situations Endler and Parker [CISS]], respectively. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics [T test and Wilcoxon] using SPSS-22 software. Mean scores of the responses to all three questions were significantly changed before and after training [P<0.0001]. This study showed that learning ways to cope with stress can reduce stress and increase quality of life; so it can be used as a helpful intervention in acute coronary syndrome

[Factors predicting mood changes in oral contraceptive pill users]

Objective [s]: over 100 million women worldwide are using oral contraceptives pills [OCP] and mood changes were being as the primary reason for OCP discontinuation. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and predisposing factors to mood change in oral contraceptive pills users

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 500 women aged 15-49 years old using low dose [LD] pills attending family planning centers in Ahwaz, Iran in year 2012. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews using an structured questionnaire including items on demographic, self-efficacy and mood change. Both univarate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between OCP use and the independent variables

Results: In all 31% of women [n =153] reported mood change due to OCs use. The results of logistic regression revealed that education [OR =1.80, 95% CI=1.15-2.80, P =0.009], place of living [OR =2.57, 95% CI=1.06-6.20, P =0.03], and self-efficacy [OR =0.87, 95% CI=0.80-0.94, P =0.001] were significant predictors of mood change

Conclusion: The findings indicated that the prevalence of mood changes due to OCP use was relatively high among Iranian women. In addition the findings showed that education on side effects and self-efficacy was important predicting factors for mood changes. Indeed implementing educational programs and increasing self-efficacy among women are recommended

randomized, controlled trial of levonorgestrel vs. the Yuzpe regimen as emergency contraception method among Iranian women

We aimed to compare acceptability of Levonorgestrel with the Yuzpe regimen among Iranian women based on their side-effects and resulting changes in the amount and pattern of menses. Five hundred twenty nine participants aged 15-49 having regular menses and one act of unprotected inter-course within 72 h were included in the double-blind, controlled trial in 2006-2007 and randomly assigned into LNG [n=263] and HD [n=266] groups, receiving Levonorgestrel 0.75 mg given 12 h apart and ethinyl estradiol 100 micro g plus 0.5 mg Levonorgestrel 0.5 mg repeated after 12 h, respectively. The participants receiving Levonorgestrel experienced significantly lower side-effects in the case of nausea, vomiting, and dizziness [P<0.05]. The changes occurred in the amount and pattern of menses were the same for both groups [P>0.05]. No significant difference was observed between the efficiencies of the treatments. Significantly lower side-effects of Levonorgestrel can be considered as greater acceptability and translated to higher efficiency

Acceptability and side effects of cyclofem [copy right sign] once-a-month injectable contraceptive in Kerman, Iran

When family planning programmes offer a wide variety of contraceptives, contraceptive prevalence would be higher overall. To determine the acceptability of Cyclofem [copy right sign] and to evaluate its side effects and continuation rate in Iran. An introductory study of Cyclofem [copy right sign] was conducted in seven districts of Kerman Province, the largest province of Iran, in three phases. At first, 14394 women attending randomly selected urban and rural health centers representing different socioeconomic classes were invited to choose Cyclofem [copy right sign] after a standard schedule of counseling. At the second phase 418 of those who accepted Cyclofem [copy right sign] and 354 of those who refused to use the method were randomly selected to participate in an interview. At the third the first group was followed up for one year at regular one-month intervals. Nearly 12.6% [n=1809] of 14394 women counseled to choose Cyclofem [copy right sign] accepted the contraceptive method. They had a mean [ +/- SD] age of 28.5 [ +/- 6.5] years. Fear of side effects was the most common cause of refusal to use Cyclofem [copy right sign]. The one-year continuation rate was 21.2%. The three main side effects leading to early discontinuation of Cyclofem [copy right sign] were nausea [18%], prolonged menses [15.8%], and amenorrhea [14.7%], respectively. The one-year continuation rate of Cyclofem [copy right sign] use in Iran has been lower than other counties. Further research is necessary to improve continuation rates

Peripheral giant cell granuloma: a review of 123 cases

Background: peripheral giant cell granuloma is one of the reactive hyperplastic lesions of the oral cavity, which originates from the periosteum or periodontal membrane following local irritation or chronic trauma. The purpose of this study was to present the clinical characteristics of peripheral giant cell granuloma in a group of Iranian population

Methods: a series of 123 consecutive confirmed cases of peripheral giant cell granuloma after biopsy were evaluated. Age, sex, anatomic location, consistency, etiologic factor, pain and bleeding history, color, surface texture, and pedicle situation were recorded and were analyzed by chi-square test and values were considered to be significant if P < 0.05

Results: age ranged from 6 to 75 years [mean 33 years]. Women affected more than men [M/F 1:1.1]. Peripheral giant cell granuloma was seen in the mandible more than in the maxilla and in the anterior region more than in the posterior region. In most cases, lesions were pink, pedunculated and had non-ulcerated surface. In less than half of the cases, there was no history of bleeding and also pain was rarely reported. Calculus was the most common etiologic factor

Conclusion: the results confirmed that the clinical features of peripheral giant cell granuloma in a group of Iranian population are almost similar to those reported by other investigators

Serum antibodies against hepatitis C Virus in Iranian patients with graves' disease

Hepatitis C virus [HCV] infection has been associated with a plethora of immune and autoimmune perturbations. A variety of conditions ranging from endocrinopathies to different skin diseases has been described in HCV infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of HCV infection in patients with graves' disease [GD]. A total of 55 patients with GD [30 women, 25 men, mean age: 35.24 +/- 12.27 years] and 50 control subjects [28 women, 22 men, mean age: 33.34 +/- 11.99 years] were examined. Third generation ELISA test was used for detection of antibodies to HCV in human sera, and anti-HCV seropositivity was confirmed by recombinant immunoblot assay [RIBA]. All normal controls were anti-HCV negative whereas anti-HCV antibody was present in 1 patient with GD and confirmed by Western blotting. These results indicate that there was no significant difference of anti-HCV antibodies between patients and controls. In this study no relationship was found between GD and HCV infection, which imply that hepatitis C virus has not a direct causal role in the pathogenesis of GD, however, this does not rule out a “hit and run” virus induced disease